2/16/2024 0 Comments Jericho trumpetNigro says that the idea that the Biblical account should have a literal archaeological correspondence is erroneous, and "any attempt to seriously identify something on the ground with biblical personages and their acts" is hazardous. He states that the expedition has detected Late Bronze II layers in several parts of the tell, although its top layers were heavily cut by levelling operations during the Iron Age, which explains the scarcity of 13th century materials. More recently, Lorenzo Nigro from the Italian-Palestinian Expedition to Tell es-Sultan has argued that there was some sort of settlement at the site during the 14th and 13th centuries BCE. A small unwalled settlement was rebuilt in the 15th century BCE, but it has been agreed that the tell was unoccupied from the late 15th century until the 10th/9th centuries BCE. Kenyon's work was corroborated in 1995 by radiocarbon tests which dated the destruction level to the late 17th or 16th centuries BCE. Sources differ as to what date Kenyon instead proposed either c. ![]() Kathleen Kenyon re-excavated the site over 1952–1958 and demonstrated that the destruction occurred at an earlier time, during a well-attested Egyptian campaign against the Hyksos of that period, and that Jericho had been deserted throughout the mid-late 13th century BCE, the supposed time of Joshua's battle. In 1930–1936, John Garstang conducted excavations there and discovered the remains of a network of collapsed walls which he dated to about 1400 BCE. They later revised this conclusion and dated their finds to the Middle Bronze Age (1950–1550 BCE). Ernst Sellin and Carl Watzinger excavated the site between 19 and in 1911, finding the remains of two walls which they initially suggested supported the biblical account of the Battle of Jericho. In 1868, Charles Warren identified Tell es-Sultan as the site of biblical Jericho. 1415–1420) Excavations at Tell es-Sultan Origins and historicity Depiction of the battle by Jean Fouquet ( c. This was eventually fulfilled by Hiel the Bethelite under King Ahab's reign. Joshua then cursed anybody who rebuilt the foundations and gates, with the deaths of their firstborn and youngest child respectively. Only Rahab, her parents, brothers and all "those who belonged to her" were spared. After the sound of the shofar (horn) sounded a great blow, the Israelites shouted and the city walls fell beneath them.įollowing God's law, the Israelites killed every man and woman of every age, as well as the oxen, sheep, and donkeys. They encircled the wall of Jericho once a day for the first six days, and then encircled the city seven times on the seventh day. God commanded the city to be attacked by seven priests blowing horns, with the Ark of the Covenant in front of them and all the people behind the Ark of the Covenant. God commanded Joshua to go around the walls of Jericho for six days, once every day, and seven times on the seventh day. After escaping, the spies promised to spare Rahab and her family after taking the city, if she would mark her house by hanging a red cord out the window.Īfter the Israelites crossed the Jordan, the king of Jericho ordered that the gates of the walls be closed. ![]() Instead, she hid them under bundles of flax on the roof. ![]() The king of Jericho sent soldiers who asked Rahab to bring out the spies. The spies stayed in the house of Rahab, a local prostitute. Biblical account Īccording to the Book of Joshua, when the Israelites were encamped at Shittim opposite Jericho, ready to cross the river, Joshua, as a final preparation, sent out two spies to Jericho. Dever to characterise the story of the fall of Jericho as "invented out of whole cloth". The lack of archaeological evidence and the composition, history and theological purposes of the Book of Joshua have led archaeologists like William G. Excavations at Tell es-Sultan, the biblical Jericho, have failed to find any traces of a city at the relevant time (end of the Bronze Age), which has led to a consensus among scholars that the story has its origins in the nationalist propaganda of much later kings of Judah and their claims to the territory of the Kingdom of Israel. According to Joshua 6:1–27, the walls of Jericho fell after the Israelites marched around the city walls once a day for six days, seven times on the seventh day, with the priests blowing their horns daily and the people shouting on the last day. The Battle of Jericho, as described in the Biblical Book of Joshua, was the first battle fought by the Israelites in the course of the conquest of Canaan. Battle of Jericho (Israel) Show map of Israel
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